Syllogism: Reasoning Questions with Answers
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Q. 1
Statements:
All cats are dogs.
All dogs are animals.
Conclusions:
I. All cats are animals.
II. Some animals are dogs.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: C. Both I and II follow
Using the chain rule of syllogism, “All cats are dogs” and “All dogs are animals” imply “All cats are animals” (I). Additionally, the second statement ensures “Some animals are dogs” (II). Hence, both conclusions follow.
Q. 2
Statements:
Some pens are books.
No book is a pencil.
Conclusions:
I. Some pens are not pencils.
II. All books are pens.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: A. Only I follows
“Some pens are books” and “No book is a pencil” imply “Some pens are not pencils” (I). However, the second conclusion is invalid because “All books are pens” contradicts the first statement.
Q. 3
Statements:
All chairs are tables.
Some tables are wooden.
Conclusions:
I. Some chairs are wooden.
II. All tables are wooden.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: D. Neither I nor II follows
“All chairs are tables” and “Some tables are wooden” do not establish any direct relation between chairs and wooden objects. Both conclusions are invalid.
Q. 4
Statements:
All birds are animals.
Some animals are reptiles.
Conclusions:
I. Some reptiles are birds.
II. Some animals are birds.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: B. Only II follows
The second statement does not provide a connection between reptiles and birds, making conclusion I invalid. However, from the first statement, “Some animals are birds” (II) is true.
Q. 5
Statements:
No apple is orange.
All oranges are fruits.
Conclusions:
I. No apple is a fruit.
II. Some fruits are not apples.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: B. Only II follows
“No apple is orange” and “All oranges are fruits” imply “Some fruits are not apples” (II). Conclusion I is invalid as all apples are not excluded from fruits.
Q. 6
Statements:
All mangoes are sweet.
Some mangoes are yellow.
Conclusions:
I. All yellow mangoes are sweet.
II. Some sweet things are yellow.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: C. Both I and II follow
From the first statement, “All mangoes are sweet,” and “Some mangoes are yellow,” we can deduce both conclusions as true.
Q. 7
Statements:
All roses are flowers.
Some flowers are red.
Conclusions:
I. Some roses are red.
II. All flowers are roses.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: D. Neither I nor II follows
The given statements do not connect roses with the color red or establish that all flowers are roses. Hence, neither conclusion follows.
Q. 8
Statements:
Some boys are intelligent.
All intelligent people are hardworking.
Conclusions:
I. Some boys are hardworking.
II. All hardworking people are intelligent.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: A. Only I follows
“Some boys are intelligent” and “All intelligent people are hardworking” imply “Some boys are hardworking.” However, II is incorrect as it reverses the relationship.
Q. 9
Statements:
No circle is a square.
Some squares are rectangles.
Conclusions:
I. No circle is a rectangle.
II. Some rectangles are not circles.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Check Solution
Ans: B. Only II follows
The first statement provides no connection between circles and rectangles, invalidating I. However, II is true based on the given statements.
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