25 Important Topics for Aptitude Tests
We’ve outlined the key topics commonly tested in placement exams, which cover 80–90% of the questions
Quantitative Aptitude
1. Percentages
Focuses on calculating increases, decreases, and comparing values as percentages.
Example Question: If a product’s price increases by 20% and then decreases by 10%, what is the final price relative to the original?
2. Ratio & Proportion
Covers comparisons and relationships between two quantities.
Example Question: If the ratio of A to B is 2:3 and B to C is 4:5, what is the ratio of A to C?
3. Profit, Loss, and Partnership
Tests concepts of business transactions and sharing profits/losses.
Example Question: A trader buys an item for ₹200 and sells it for ₹240. Find the profit percentage.
4. Averages, Mixtures, and Alligations
Questions involve finding averages or mixtures of quantities.
Example Question: A shopkeeper mixes 10 kg of rice costing ₹40/kg with 5 kg costing ₹60/kg. What is the average price per kg?
5. Time and Work
Problems on work efficiency and time required to complete tasks.
Example Question: If A can complete a task in 10 days and B in 15 days, how many days will they take together?
6. Time, Speed, and Distance
Includes concepts like relative speed, trains, and boats.
Example Question: A train travels 300 km in 3 hours. What is its speed in km/hr?
7. Simple and Compound Interest
Focuses on financial mathematics.
Example Question: If ₹10,000 is invested at 10% annual interest compounded yearly, what will be the amount after 2 years?
8. Numbers
Includes divisibility, remainders, and number theory.
Example Question: Find the remainder when 12345 is divided by 9.
9. Algebra
Covers equations, inequalities, and simplifications.
Example Question: Solve for x if: 2x−3 = x/5
10. Permutation & Combination
Questions on arranging and selecting items.
Example Question: How many ways can 4 people sit in a row?
11. Probability
Deals with likelihood and events.
Example Question: What is the probability of getting a sum of 7 when rolling two dice?
Logical Reasoning
1. AlphaNumeric Series
Identifying patterns in sequences of letters and numbers.
Example Question: Complete the series: A1, B2, C3, D4, ?
2. Blood Relations
Questions based on family connections.
Example Question: Pointing to a photograph, A says, “He is the son of my only sister.” How is the person related to A?
3. Coding-Decoding
Interpreting coded messages.
Example Question: If “BAT” is coded as “ABU”, how is “CAT” coded?
4. Data Sufficiency
Deciding whether the given information is sufficient to answer a question.
Example Question: Is x >10? given that (1) x > 9 (2) x < 11
5. Direction Sense
Tests ability to trace movements and determine direction.
Example Question: A person walks 10 m north, then 10 m east. What is the shortest distance to the starting point?
6. Statement & Conclusion
Deriving logical conclusions from statements.
Example Question: Statement: “All cats are animals.” Conclusion: “All animals are cats.” True or False?
7. Arrangements
Questions on seating or linear arrangements.
Example Question: If A sits to the right of B and C sits to the left of B, who is in the middle?
8. Calendar and Clocks
Questions on dates and time-related problems.
Example Question: What day of the week was January 1, 2020?
Verbal Ability
1. Synonyms and Antonyms
Testing vocabulary.
Example Question: What is the synonym of “elated”?
2. Fill in the Blanks (Grammar-Based)
Focuses on grammar rules.
Example Question: She ___ to the market yesterday. (went/goes)
3. Error Finding
Identifying grammatical errors in sentences.
Example Question: Find the error: “She don’t like apples.”
4. Sentence Correction
Requires improving sentence structure.
Example Question: Correct the sentence: “He go to school daily.”
5. Reading Comprehension
Tests understanding of written passages.
Example Question: Based on the passage, what is the main theme?
6. Verbal Analogies
Involves finding relationships between words.
Example Question: Pen: Write :: Knife: ?
How difficult are placement tests?
This is a common question among students, and the answer is—it depends. Placement tests vary from company to company, but generally speaking, they are much easier than exams like CAT. While success rates in placement tests range from 10-50% (depending on the company), CAT has a success rate of only around 10% (with a 90 percentile+ required for a good college). So, placement tests are relatively easier to crack, but the key is preparation—only those who prepare thoroughly make it through.
Some companies, like TCS, ZS, and MuSigma, typically set higher-difficulty tests, while others like Accenture, Capgemini, Cognizant, and Infosys tend to have easier tests. We’ve used examples from mass recruiters to give you a sense of the difficulty level, but remember, there’s always variation in syllabus and difficulty across companies. The key takeaway is that with proper preparation, you’ll be ready for any surprises that come your way. You can also check company wise syllabus.
Once you’ve gone through the syllabus, be sure to go through topic-wise concepts, topic-wise aptitude questions, and preparation tips. After that, sign up with LearnTheta to practice and improve your aptitude skills for placements.